Ethanol


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Ethanol

Ethanol: Its common name is ethyl alcohol and formula is C2H5OH or CH3CH2OH.

Preparation: Alcohol (ethanol) is obtained by the fermentation of molasses which are obtained from sugarcane juice.

Physical Properties: It is a liquid at room temperature. Its melting point 156 K and boiling point is 351 K. It is soluble in water in all proportions.

Chemical Properties:

a) Reaction with Sodium: Ethyl alcohol reacts win sodium metal leading to the evolution of hydrogen gas alongwith the formation of sodium ethoxide. Hydrogen gas burns with a pop sound.

b) Dehydration: Removal of water molecules from a compound is known as dehydration reaction. When ethanol is heated at 443 K with excess conc. H2SO4, the water molecules get removed from it and ethene is obtained. Thus in this reaction H2SO4 act as dehydrating agent.

Uses of Ethanol:

a)   It is used as an active ingredient in all alcoholic drinks.

b)   It is useful in medicines like tincture of iodine, cough syrups and many other tonics.

c)   Alcohol is used as an additive in petrol, since it is a cleaner fuel and gives rise to only CO2 and H2O when burnt in sufficient air.

 

Sample Questions
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Question : 1

Which of the following are correct :

(a) Ethanol common name is ethyl alcohol and formula is C2H5OH or CH3CH2OH.

(b) Ethanol is a colourless liquid having a pleasant smell.

Right Option : C
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Explanation
Question : 2

Which of the following are correct :

(a) Ethanol is a colourless liquid having a pleasant smell.

(b) Ethanol common name is ethyl alcohol and formula is C2H5OH.

(c) Ethanol is non conductor of electricity because it does not contain ions.

Right Option : D
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Explanation
Question : 3

Ethyl alcohol reacts win ___________________ metal leading to the evolution of hydrogen gas alongwith the formation of sodium ethoxide.

Right Option : C
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Explanation
 
 


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