Evolution and Classification


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Evolution and Classification

Evolution and Classification: Evolution is the process by which newer types of organisms are developed from the pre-existing ones through modification. Characteristics are the details of appearance or behaviour; in other words, a particular form or a particular function, e.g. the forelimbs of human beings is a characteristic and that the plants can perform photosynthesis is also a characteristic. Classification is the arrangement of organisms into a series of group based on physiological, biochemical, anatomical or other relationships. All systems of classification are hierarchial. Hierarchy is a type of social organisation in which individuals are ranked according to their status or dominance relative to the members of their groups.

Basic Characteristics of an Organism:

·   Cell is the basic unit of life in all organisms.

·   Cells of some organisms do not have organised nucleus, .g. bacterial cell, while the cells of some other organisms have a well-organised nucleus.

·   Amongst organisms with nucleated cells, some are unicellular and others are multicellular.

·   Among multicellular organisms also, some organisms can manufacture their own food (photosynthesis) while others cannot.

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Sample Questions
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Question : 1

Which of the following are the basic characteristics of an organism

Right Option : C
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Question : 2

____________________ is the basic unit of life in all organisms.

Right Option : A
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Question : 3

Which of the following are correct ?

(a) Evolution is the process by which new types of organisms are developed from the pre-existing ones through modification.

(b) The cell is the basic unit of life in all organisms.

Right Option : C
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