Algae


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Algae

Algae comes under the division thallophyta.

Characteristics of Algae:

  • Algae are photosynthetic organisms.
  • They can either be unicellular or multicellular.
  • Their body is not differentiated in to stem,leaves and roots.
  • They occur in moist places with good amount of moisture.
  • They are free living but sometimes form associations like symbiotic relations.
  • Reproduction occur in both asexual and sexual mode. Asexual reproduction involves spore formation.
  • The male sex organ is called as antheridium and the female sex organ is called as Oogonium. The sex organs of algae are unicellular and non jacketed. 
  •  Algae are simple aquatic organisms which are capable of photosynthesis. Some algae, like Chlamydomonas, are unicellular. Some form colonies like Volvox,  and filaments like Spirogyra. 

    Green Algae:  Chlamydomonas and Spirogyra are green algae and they live in freshwater. It is a large, informal grouping of algae having the primary photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll. Some of the green algae are good source of proteins, lipids, fibres and omega 3 fatty acids.

    Brown Algae:  These are marine algae. They are the most complex type of algae. Example: Laminaria , Fucus, Sargassum

    Red Algae: They are mostly marine. Gel forming substance like agar is extracted from this algae. Example: Geladium  and Gracilaria

    Lichens: Lichens are a symbiotic association of fungi and algae. Remember that particular lichen is an association of a specific fungus and a specific alga. Both benefit from each other. They grow on rocks, stems of trees, old walls and so on, and may be grey-green or brightly coloured. The fungus forms most of the plant body, absorbs water and nutrients from the surroundings, and provides these to its partner. The alga manufactures food from the raw materials and supplies it to the fungus. They are sensitive to the pollution. Lichens are sensitive to sulphur dioxide. Due to its absorbative properties they they can accumulate a large amount of sulphur.

                              

    Sample Questions
    (More Questions for each concept available in Login)
    Question : 1

    Vascular tissue is present in all except  _________________ .

    Right Option : D
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    Explanation
    Question : 2

    Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the codes given below. (There can be more than one match for column I.) 

    Column IColumn II
    (a)  Green algae(i)  Gelidium
    (b)  Red algae(ii)  Chlamydomonas
    (c)  Blue-green algae(iii)  Nostoc
    (d)  Brown algae(iv)  Polysiphonia
     (v)  Ulothrix
     (vi)  Anabaena
     (vii) Sargassum
     (viii)  Fucus

     

    Right Option : B
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    Explanation
    Question : 3

    _______________ algae considered as ancestors of land plants.

    Right Option : C
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    Explanation
     
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