Binary Fission


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Binary Fission

Binary fission is an asexual method of reproduction in organisms. In binary fission the parent organism splits (or divides) to form two new organisms. When this happens, the parent organism ceases to exist and two new organisms come into existence. The unicellular organism (or unicellular animal) called Amoeba reproduces by the method of binary fission.

  • It is the type of fission in which the parent organism divides into two identical daughter organisms with a definite orientation.
  • At first nucleus divides amitotically (i.e. without spindle formation or appearance of chromosomes) into two, followed by the division of the cytoplasm and finally splitting of the parent to two daughter cells.
  • Binary fission can be seen in organisms such as Amoeba, Paramecium, Euglena, etc. 
  • Some unicellular organisms show more organisation of their bodies as seen in Leishmania, (causative agent of kala-azar) which has a whip like structure at one end of the cell. It shows longitudinal binary fission.
  • Depending on the number of nuclear division, fission can be Binary fission. or may be Multiple fission.
  • Binary fission can be simple i.e. the cytoplamic division takes place through any plane, as seen in amoeba and Bacteria or it may be transverse, when plane of cytoplasmic division coincides wuith the trnsverse aixs of the organism, as seen in Paramecium, or it may be longitudinal when the cytoplasmic division coincides with the longitudinal axis of the individual, as seen in Euglena.

     

    Multiple fission : In case of multiple fission repeated divisions of parent nucleus are followed by cytoplasmic division leading to many daughter cells occurs  in malarial parasite Plasmodium.

                        

                                                

                                                

    Sample Questions
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    Question : 1

    Binary fission is observed in _____________________ .
     

    Right Option : B
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    Question : 2

    Which of the following are correct ?

    (a) Binary fission is an asexual method of reproduction in organisms.

    (b) In binary fission the parent organism splits (or divides) to form two new organisms.

    (c) The cytoplasm of Amoeba divides into two parts, one part around each nucleus.

    Right Option : D
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    Explanation
    Question : 3

    Type of division seen in Amoeba is ____________________

    Right Option : A
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    Explanation
     
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