Function and Modification of Root


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Function and Modification of Root

Root : The underground part of a plant or teh part that remain in the soil is called root system. It consists of main  root and  a number of branching roots.

Functions of Root:

  • They hold the plant firmly in the soil, thereby serving as an anchor to the plant.
  • They absorb water and nutrients from the soil required for the growth of the plant.
  • Some roots also store starch and sugars in them.
  • Some roots also help in respiration. They possess special structures called as pneumatophores..
  • Some roots have useful bacteria in them to increase the soil fertility with nitrogen content.
  • Modifications of roots: Roots in many plants are modified to perform additional functions by some modifications: 

    1.  Storage roots are the roots modified to store food in them. e.g. Carrot, turnip, radish, sweet potato etc. 

    2. Respiratory roots are the roots modified for respiration. The plants in mangroves have roots with special structures called as pneumatothodes to obtain more oxygen. 

    3. Parasitic roots are the roots which arise from the stem and absorb nourishment from the host plant. e.g: Cuscuta. 

    4. Climbing roots are the roots which help the plant to climb and cling on to the support. e.g. Money plant, betel. 

    5. Reproductive roots are the roots which help in the process of producing the offspring.

                    

    Sample Questions
    (More Questions for each concept available in Login)
    Question : 1

    Which of the following ar4e correct :

    (a) Roots hold the plant firmly in the soil, thereby serving as an anchor to the plant.

    (b) Roots absorb water and nutrients from the soil required for the growth of the plant.

    Right Option : C
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    Explanation
    Question : 2

    The functions of roots are _______________________ .

    Right Option : D
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    Explanation
    Question : 3

    Which of the following are correct :

    (a) Storage roots are the roots modified to store food in them.

    (b) Some roots have useful bacteria in them to increase the soil fertility with nitrogen content.

    Right Option : C
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    Explanation
     
     
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