Conventional Sources of Energy: Prominent conventional sources of energy are
1. Coal: India is highly dependent on coal for meeting its commercial energy requirements. Coal is a raw materialrial for heavy industries and thermal power stations. It is bulky due to which these industries are located near coalfields.Coal mining in India started at Raniganj in West Bengal in 1774. Depending on the degrees of compression, the depth and time of burial during its formation, there are following varieties of coal:
2. Petroleum: Petroleum is also known as mineral oil. It is the second highest energy source (after refining into various products like furnace oil, diesel, petrol, kerosene, etc) used in India after coal. Petroleum is known as ‘liquid gold’. First oil field in India was discovered at Makun (in Assam) in 1867. Petroleum refineries act as a ‘nodal industry’ for synthetic textile, fertiliser and chemical industries. The total oil refineries in India are seventeen in number. Out of which 14 refineries are in public sector, 2 are in private sector and one in joint sector.
3.Natural Gas: Natural gas is a clean energy resource. It is usually found along with petroleum, but sometimes separately also. Compared to coal and petroleum products, it burns with a very low emission of harmful gases and other pollutants. It provides energy for running of petrochemical industry besides being used as fuel for cooking and automobiles. The offshore region of the Krishna— Godavari basin has the largest amount of natural gas currently available in India. To fulfill its natural gas needs, India imports some gas and feeds it to various industries through pipelines. The 1700 km long Hazira-Vijaipur- Jagdishpur (HVJ) pipeline links Mumbai High and Bassin with the fertiliser, power and industrial complexes in Western and Northern India. Natural gas is mainly used by the fertiliser and power industries. Use of Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) for vehicles to replace liquid fuel is gaining wide popularity in the country.
4. Electricity: Electricity has a wide range of applications in today’s world. That’s why its Per Capita Consumption is considered as a sign of development. There are two ways through which electricity is generated. These are
Choose the correct order of arrangements: the types of coal according to its quality/carbon content: | |||
Right Option : A | |||
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Mineral oil is called a mulptipupose oil. It is formed from the fossils of microscopic animals and plants in the _________ . | |||
Right Option : C | |||
View Explanation |
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) is becoming more popular because ________________ | |||
Right Option : B | |||
View Explanation |
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