A proportion is really two ratios that are equivalent to each other. Here is an example: There are several ways to tell if two ratios form a proportion.
1st method: Check to see if the same scale factor was used on top and bottom.
2nd method: Try and simplify one or both of the ratios. In this example, we could reduce the second ratio. Check it out: Once again, we can see that the two ratios are equivalent. Therefore, they must form a proportion.
3rd method: Cross products: Multiply the numbers that are diagonal to each other. If the products are equal, the two ratios form a proportion. 5 x 28 = 140 7 x 20 = 140 Check out what happens when you do not have a proportion: 2 x 45 = 90 3 x 28 = 84 Here, the cross products are not the same. This shows that the two ratios are not a proportion. These steps are also useful in finding the missing number in a proportion.
Illustration: Here are some examples of finding the missing number in a proportion using all three methods.
1.)
Find x in the following proportion 16 : 18 = x : 96. | |||
Right Option : A | |||
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Find which of the following are in proportion ?
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Right Option : B | |||
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Determine if the following are in proportion : 25, 75, 80, 240 | |||
Right Option : B | |||
View Explanation |
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