Trade and the traders
Trade and the traders
Trade and the Traders: Trade involves the transfer of goods or services from one person or entity to another, often in exchange for money. Economists refer to a system or network that allows trade as a market. A trader is an individual who engages in the buying and selling of financial assets in any financial market, either for himself or on behalf of another person or institution. The main difference between a trader and an investor is the duration for which the person holds the asset.
Internal trade grew due to the organized system set up by the government. Alauddin Khalji strictly supervised the marketplaces. . Sher Shah built four new roads the most famous of which was the Grand Trunk Road from Sonargaon to the river Indus. This enabled the movement of goods across the country.
Internal Trade: Villages and towns in different regions specialized in local products which they exported to other parts of the country. Sind specialized in cotton textiles, silk, wooden articles, ivory bangles and saltpetre. Delhi and Agra were known for paper and glassware. Internal trade took place over land routes and along the waterways. Traders moved along the Dakshinapath, which passed from Delhi through Ujjain. Hampi and other towns in the Deccan to Madurai and Thanjavur in the south. Trade also took place along the rivers like the Ganga, Brahmaputra, Godavari, Tapti, and Narmada. Goods were brought from the interiors of India to the ports through these rivers from where they moved across the seas to other ports along India’s coast. Bengal produced so much surplus rice that it was exported to various ports.
Foreign Trade: India had a rich trade with other countries. Trade with the west was mainly through two routes- one through the Persian Gulf to the Mediterranean, and the other through the red sea through Egypt, to the Mediterranean. The Malabar Coast was the main base for shipping the goods. India main exports were spices, textiles, precious stones, ivory and articles with inlay works. The chief articles of import were horses from Kabul and Arabia, dry fruits and precious stones. India also imported glassware from Europe, high- grade textiles like satin from west Asia and raw silk and porcelain from china.
Foreign luxury goods were popular among the royalty and the nobility. These included wines , dry fruits, precious stones , scented oils, perfumes and velvets.
In Khambat , the volume of trade was such that 3000 ships visited this port annually . This fact gives an idea of magnitude of India's foreign Trade during the medieval period.Trade with china and South-East-Asia was mainly carried on through the port of Sonargoan.
Different communities dominated trade is various parts of the country . Multani and Punjabi merchants handled the business in the north , while in Gujarat and Rajasthan it was in the hands of the Bhats . Foreign traders from Central Asia known as Khorasanis , engaged in the profession all over India.
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