The Growth Of New Urban Centres
The Growth Of New Urban Centres
THE GROWTH OF NEW URBAN CENTRES: In the course of time, new urban centres came up in India. Unlike the ancient and medieval towns these new centres did not evolve overtime in response to the socio-economic needs of the region. They were established as a result of policy decisions of the European trading countries and their respective government.
Ports: The first urban settlements of the European colonists in India were ports,For example, Madras, Calcutta and Bombay. This was because the colonists were primarily traders and by then almost all the trade with Europe and the rest of Asia took place over the seas.
Panned cities: Then there were the planned cities which came up in the interior of India, like New Delhi. They were built to serve a particular function, and were centrally located. For example, New Delhi was built to serve as the new capital of British India because it was central and easily accessible from all parts of the Empire.
Hill stations: The British also developed several hill towns like Shimla, Darjeeling, Ooty and Dehra Dun. These came to be called ‘hill stations’. The British retreated to these hill stations each summer to escape the heat of the plains. Shimla served as the summer capital of the British Empire.
Features of the new urban centres
Many of the new urban centres like Calcutta and Madras developed around forts. The new cities had broad roads and large and imposing public buildings like government offices, public libraries, museums and town halls They also had parks, markets and clock towers.
Most of the British in India lived outside the old walled town where the Indians lived. The areas where the Indians lived were generally crowded and conditions were often unhygienic, with few civic amenities.The part of the city where the British lived was generally divided into the civil lines and the military cantonment
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