Diarrhoea


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Diarrhoea

Diarrhoea: The passing of loose stool at frequent intervals is called diarrhoea. It results from the infection or inflammation of the intestine, which can occur due to a variety of reasons. The reasons include protozoan, bacterial or viral infection, food poisoning, alcohol, some drugs and the deficiency of some hormones.

Signs and Symptoms: Diarrhoea is characterized by dehydration and cramps. The skin, tongue, the inner surfaces of the cheeks and nose become dry. The eyes become sunken. The patient may also have fever and pains in the joints.

Control: Patients are advised to rest and take oral rehydration salts (ORS) with water and/or a mild solution of common salt and sugar to prevent dehydration. The ORS as well as salt - sugar solution increases the rate of absorption of water. Drugs that prevent diarrhoea and kill microorganisms responsible for diarrhoea should be taken.

Prevention: Diarrhoea related to contaminated food and water can be prevented by maintaining personal and community hygiene, and by being particular about drinking water and food. Any hormonal deficiency must be treated, and stale food must be avoided.

Sample Questions
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Question : 1

Which of the following are correct :

(a) Diarrhoea is not characterized by dehydration and cramps.

(b) The passing of loose stool at frequent intervals is called diarrhoea.

(c) The ORS as well as salt - sugar solution increases the rate of absorption of water.

Right Option : B
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Explanation
Question : 2

Which of the following are correct :

(a) Diarrhoea related to contaminated food only.

(b) Diarrhoea results from the infection or inflammation of the intestine.

(c) Diarrhoea is characterized by the dry skin, tongue, the inner surfaces of the cheeks and nose.

Right Option : C
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Explanation
Question : 3

The condition of excessive dehydration of the body through loose motions and vomiting is known as _______________

Right Option : D
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Explanation
 
 
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