Wavelength, Frequency and Wave Speed
Wavelength, Frequency and Wave Speed
Characteristics of Sound: Sound travels in the form of a wave. Waves are characterized by three basic quantities. They are frequency, speed, and amplitude. Two of the main characteristics of sound are pitch and loudness, which in turn are determined by the frequency and amplitude of the wave, respectively. Therefore, to understand what pitch and loudness mean, we will first need to study the characteristics of waves.
Amplitude: The maximum displacement of the bob from the mean position during oscillation is called the amplitude of the oscillation. The maximum displacement occurs when the bob is at positions B and C. The position where it comes to stop is called mean position.
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Time period: When the bob moves from one position and comes back to the same position (moving in the same direction), it is said to complete one oscillation. The time taken to complete one oscillation is called the time period of the oscillation. It is measured in seconds.
Frequency: The number of oscillations per second is called the frequency of oscillation. Faster the vibration of the source, higher is the frequency and higher is the pitch. A pitch sound is called a shrill sound. A low pitch sound is called a hoarse sound. The, SI unit of frquency is hertz .One hertz is the same as one cycle oer second.
We can say that
Wave speed : Wave speed can be defined as the distance covered by a wave in one second.
Therefore,
Relation between wavelength, frequency and wave speed
The region of high density corresponds to compressions, and the region of the low density correspond to rarefraction. At time A is the one of the place where compression is maximum.As time passes, this maximum compression shifts in the direction of propagation of the wave. At time
it reaches C.
Now, the distance AC = distance between consecutive maximum compressions = wavelength
Also, the time = time period, T.
So, the sound wave moves a distance in time T. Thus, the wave speed is
Here, V denotes wave speed , denotes wavelength and T denotes time taken
As frequency connecting V and
in terms of the frequency v
V = v
or, wave speed = frequency wavelength
It hold true for any periodic wave, both for transverse or longitudinal waves.
A man heard the sound of thunder 15sec after he saw a flash of lightning. How far away from him did the lightning strike ? [ Velocity of sound = 330m/sec]. | |||
| Right Option : C | |||
| View Explanation | |||
A 440 Hz sound wave travels with a speed of 340m/s.What is the wavelength of the wave? | |||
| Right Option : B | |||
| View Explanation | |||
If a wave takes 0.20 seconds to complete one oscillation, how many such oscillations will pass through a fixed point on its path in one second ? | |||
| Right Option : C | |||
| View Explanation | |||
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