Colour and the wavelength of light


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Colour and the Wavelength of Light

The colour of light is related to its wavelength.  Wavelength(lambda ) can be defined as the distance between two crests or troughs of a wave. It is inversely proportional to the frequency of the wave.  The table below gives the relation between the wavelength and colour of light. In the table, the wavelengths are given in nanometres (1 nanometre = 10^-^9m). Note that among visible lights, red has the longest wavelength, while violet has the shortest.

In 1666, the English scientist Issac Newton (1642-1727) passed a narrow beam of light through a glass prism. As the light exiting the prism, Newton could see the colours of the rainbow. Newton realised that white light consists of all the colours of the visible spectrum. He listed the colours making up this spectrum as red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet. When all the colours shine at once, they produce white light.

Each colour of light is a wave with a different wavelength and frequency. The wavelengths of visible light are extremely small, ranging from violet light with wavelengths around 400 nm(nanometers) to red light with wavelengths around 700nm. To get an idea of how small this is, consider that 1 nm(nanometre) = 0.000 000 009 m = 10^-^9:m. This means that the wavelengths of visible light are less than one-thousandth of a millimetre long, or about one-hundredth the width of a human hair.

 

Colour

Wavelength in nm

Colour

Wavelength in nm

Violet

400-440

Yellow

570-590

Indigo

440-460

Orange

590-620

Blue

460-500

Red

620-700

Green

500-570

 

 

 

 

Sample Questions
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Question : 1

The color of light is related to its_____________________.

Right Option : B
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Question : 2

In the visible spectrum the colour having the shortest wavelength is ______________

Right Option : C
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Explanation
Question : 3

The colour of scattered particles depends upon ______________.

Right Option : C
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Explanation
 
 


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