Human Rights


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Human Rights

Human Rights: Sometimes, the expansion of rights takes place in human rights. Human rights-are universal moral claims that may or may not have been recognised by laws. With the expansion of democracy all over the world, there is greater pressure on governments to accept these claims; some international covenants have contributed to the expansion of rights. Thus, the scope of rights has been expanding and new rights are evolving over time. New rights emerge as societies develop or as new Constitutions are made. For example, the Constitution of South Africa guarantees its citizens several kinds of new rights. These are

  • ·         Right to privacy, so that citizens or their home cannot be searched, their phones cannot be tapped, their communication cannot be opened.
  • ·         Right to an environment that is not harmful to their health or well being.
  • ·         Right to have access to adequate housing.
  • ·         Right to have access to health care services, sufficient food and water; no one may be refused emergency medical treatment.
  • Many people in our country think that the Right to Work, Right to Health, Right to Minimum Livelihood and Right to Privacy should be made as Fundamental Rights in India.

    International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: The international covenant recognizes many rights that are not directly a part of the Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution.

    This has not yet become an international treaty. But human right activists all over the world see this as a standard of human rights.

    These include

  • ·         Claim Demand for legal or moral entitlements, a person makes on fellow citizens, society or the Right to work i.e. opportunity to everyone to earn livelihood  by working.
  • ·         Right to safe and healthy working conditions, fair wages that can provide decent standard of living for the workers and their families.
  • ·         Right to adequate standard of living including adequate food, clothing and housing.
  • ·         Right to social security and insurance.
  • ·         Right to health i.e. medical care during illness, special care for women during childbirth and prevention of epidemics.
  • ·         Right to education i.e. free and compulsory primary education, equal access to higher education.
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