Separation of the constituents of air


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Separation of The Constituents of Air

The invisible gaseous substance surrounding the earth, a mixture mainly of oxygen and nitrogen. Air is a homogeneous mixture and can be separated into its components by fractional distillation. For this purpose, the air is compressed by increasing the pressure and cooled to a very low temperature. Thus, liquid air is obtained. This liquid air is allowed to warm up slowly in a fractional distillation column, where gases get separated at different heights depending upon the boiling points.

The constituents of air can be separated by fractional distillation method. You know that air is a mixture consisting mainly of nitrogen and oxygen. Carbon dioxide and other gases are also present in trace amounts. To separate the components, air is gradually cooled.

Water vapour present in air condenses to water. When the temperature reaches 0°C, water freezes to ice. On further cooling, carbon dioxide separates as dry ice at about —78°C. Air is cooled further under pressure to about —200°C. At this temperature air gets liquefied. This liquid air contains mainly nitrogen and oxygen. It is now heated. Nitrogen (boiling point —196°C) is converted into vapour (gas) and is collected. Oxygen, whose boiling point is —183°C, is left behind. It is collected separately.

 

Sample Questions
(More Questions for each concept available in Login)
Question : 1

Air can be separated into its constituent gases by ______________________

Right Option : B
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Explanation
Question : 2

Water vapour present in air condenses to__________________.

Right Option : A
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Explanation
Question : 3

The method that we can use to separate different constituents  of air is __________________

Right Option : B
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Explanation
 
 
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