Both Statement 1 and Statement 2 are true.

Statement 1: The National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI) in Karnal focuses on dairy science research and milk product development.

• True. The National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), located in Karnal, is a leading research institution in India dedicated to the field of dairy science. It is involved in extensive research, teaching, and training related to dairy farming, milk production, and the development of milk products like butter, cheese, ice cream, and yogurt. NDRI plays a crucial role in improving the dairy industry by advancing technologies related to animal breeding, milk quality, and processing techniques.

Statement 2: Karnal was historically part of the Punjab province before the formation of Haryana in 1966.

• True. Before the creation of Haryana as a separate state in 1966, Karnal was a part of the Punjab province. This was during the time when the state of Punjab encompassed what is now Haryana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, Karnal became part of the newly formed state. Historically, Karnal, along with other regions in Haryana, had strong cultural, agricultural, and economic ties to Punjab.

Conclusion:

Both Statement 1 and Statement 2 are correct:

• Statement 1 accurately describes the role of the National Dairy Research Institute in Karnal.
• Statement 2 correctly states that Karnal was part of the Punjab province before the formation of Haryana in 1966.

Hence, Option A Is Correct.

National Dairy Research Institute.

The National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), located in Karnal, is a premier institution dedicated to dairy science and the processing of milk products in India. Established in 1923, it is the only institute in the country that focuses on comprehensive research related to dairy science, milk production, and the development of various dairy products.

Key Points about National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI):

1. Research and Development:
   • NDRI is involved in research, teaching, and training in the field of dairy science. It plays a pivotal role in improving milk production, enhancing dairy farm practices, and developing advanced dairy processing technologies.
   • The institute conducts research on milk production, processing, milk quality, and the development of dairy products such as butter, cheese, yogurt, and ice cream.
2. Contribution to Dairy Industry:
   • The NDRI has significantly contributed to the growth of India's dairy industry. It helps in the production of high-quality milk products and supports dairy farmers with advanced techniques for improving yield and efficiency.
   • The institute also works on genetic improvement of dairy cattle and animal nutrition, aiming to enhance the overall productivity of the dairy sector.
3. Educational Role:
   • NDRI offers a variety of academic programs, including undergraduate, postgraduate, and doctoral degrees in dairy technology, animal husbandry, and other related fields. It trains students who will go on to become experts in dairy science and related industries.
4. Location in Karnal:
   • Karnal was chosen as the location for NDRI due to its historical and geographical significance in Haryana, a state that is one of the leading producers of milk in India. The institute’s research helps in addressing regional dairy challenges and improving dairy production in the state and across the country.

Why Other Options are Incorrect:

a) Indian Agricultural Research Institute:

The Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) is located in New Delhi and focuses primarily on agricultural research, not specifically on dairy science or milk product processing.

c) Maharana Pratap Horticulture University:

This is a Horticulture University located in Karnal that focuses on the study of horticultural sciences, including fruits, vegetables, and other crops. It does not specialize in dairy products.

d) Kalpana Chawla Medical University:

The Kalpana Chawla Medical University is a medical university located in Karnal, focused on medical education, training, and healthcare. It is not related to dairy science or milk product processing.

Hence, Option B Is Correct.

Rice Bowl.

Karnal district is popularly known as the "Rice Bowl of Haryana" due to its significant production of rice. The region's soil and climate conditions are ideal for paddy cultivation, making it one of the leading producers of rice in the state of Haryana and even in India.

Key Points:

Favorable Agro-Climatic Conditions:

• Karnal is located in the northern part of Haryana, with a climate that is well-suited for rice cultivation. The yellow soil in the region is rich in nutrients, which makes it ideal for growing crops like rice, wheat, and sugarcane.
• The district receives a good amount of rainfall during the monsoon season, and with the presence of the Yamuna River, irrigation for rice farming is easily managed.

Rice Production:

• Rice is the main crop grown in Karnal, contributing significantly to both the state's and the country's rice production. Due to its high agricultural output, Karnal is often referred to as the Rice Bowl of Haryana.
• Farmers in the region rely heavily on paddy farming as their primary source of livelihood. The fertile land and extensive irrigation systems support the large-scale cultivation of rice in the area.

Agricultural Significance:

• The district's agricultural economy is largely driven by the success of rice farming, and the district plays a central role in Haryana's reputation for being a major agricultural producer in India. Karnal's ability to grow high-quality rice has earned it the title of Rice Bowl.

Historical Importance:

• Karnal's fertile land and proximity to water sources like the Yamuna River have made it an important agricultural region since ancient times, continuing into the modern era.

Other Options:

a) Wheat Bowl:
Although Karnal is known for producing a variety of crops, including wheat, it is more famously known as the Rice Bowl due to the prominence of rice cultivation.

c) Sugar Bowl:
Sugarcane is another important crop in Karnal, but it is not as prominent as rice. Therefore, Karnal is not known as the Sugar Bowl.

d) Fruit Bowl:
While fruits may be grown in certain parts of Karnal, the district is not specifically known for its fruit production. Rice Bowl remains the most widely recognized moniker for Karnal.

Hence, Option B Is Correct.