Aims of Conservation

To conserve and to maintain the habitats of plants and animals and prevent their extinction damage to the food chain.

To reduce the stress on resources and rapid depletion of resources through conservation of the environment.

To  protect the natural habitat of organisms.

To reduce the export of rare and threatened species.

To maintain the ecosystem stability.

To build and maintain  protected areas for threatened species.

To educate the people about the need to protect and conserve the environment as a long range  goal for the welfare of the future generation.

The environmentalists being aware of the importance of forests are constantly conserving the forests. This will conserve all the plants, animals and microorganisms. Forests being renewable resources will continuously supply of useful plants and animals, if used properly.

A threatened species is a native species that is at risk of becoming endangered in the near further. A threatened species may have a declining population or be exceptionally rare. Like endangered species, the cause of its decline is variable, but may be due to threats such as habitat destruction, climate change, or pressure from invasive species.

International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) a natural resources:

Works towards assessing the global conservation status of plants and animal species. It maintains a comprehensive list shown as IUCN Red list of threatened species. The use of this red list are:

Developing awareness about the importance of threatened biodiversity.

Identification and documentation of endangered species.

Providing a global index of the decline of biodiversity.

Defining conservation priorities at the local level and guiding conservation action.

Red Data Book : It is the state document established for documenting rare and endangered species of animals, plants and fungi as well as some local sub - species that exist with in the territory of the state or country. This book provide central information for studies and monitoring programmes. Species are classified into different categories of perceived risk. Red Data Book has pink pages for critically endangered species.

Threatened Species: A threatened species is a native species that is at risk of becoming endangered in the near further. A threatened species may have a declining population or be exceptionally rare. Like endangered species, the cause of its rarity is variable, but may be due to threats such as habitat destruction, climate change, or pressure from invasive species.

Extinct Species : Dinosaurs died and gradually disappeared from earth because they are not able to reproduce and adapt to climate changes. When species are unable to compete with other organsims, and no longer exist on earth then such species are called extinct species.

                                                      

Extinct in wild : Species whose members survive only in captivity or as artificially supported populations far outside their historical geographic range (like in ZOO).

Exotic Species : An exotic species is any species intentionally or accidentally transported and released by man into an environment outside its present range. These plant and animal species are considered to be among the most servere agents of habitat alteration and degradation.

                                                            

                                                                                  Lion tailed macaque

Critically endangered (CR) : Species that posses extremely high risk of extinction as a result of rapid population declines of 80 to more than 90 percent over the previous 10 years (or three generations) or we can say that the current population size of fewer than 50 individuals over all world.

Endangered (EN) : Species that posses extremely high risk of extinction as a result of rapid population declines of 50 to more than 70 percent over the previous 10 years (or three generations) or we can say that the current population size of fewer than 250 individuals over all world.

Vulnerable Species :  Vulnerable species are those species that already exist in low number and are likely to move into endangered category in the near future, if casuals factors such as habitat destruction , over-exploitation and other environmental disturbances, continues over a period of time.Species that posses extremely high risk of extinction as a result of rapid population declines of 30 to more than 50 percent over the previous 10 years (or three generations) or we can say that the current population size of fewer than 1000 individuals over all world.

Rare Species : Rare species includes those species whose population in the world is very small. So if they are not protected then they might fall into the category of vulnerable or endangered species. 

Endemic Species :  Endemic species are those species of plants and animals that are found exclusively in the particular area and no where else in the world.

Near Threatened (NE)  : Species that are close to becoming threatened or may meet the criteria for threatened status in the near future.

Least Concern(LC) : Species that are abundant after careful assessment.