Human Endocrine Glands
Human Endocrine Glands
Human endocrine system is consist of different glands. These glands produce different hormones which are also known as the chemical messengers. Hormones are secreted by the endocrine glands, which are ductless glands. These glands differ from the exocrine glands in the fact that these glands have ducts to secrete there secretions at a specific location in the body. We shall now learn about some important endocrine glands in the human body.
1. Pituitary gland
Location: base of the brain
Hormones secreted: 1. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), 2. Growth hormone (GH)
Hormone action : TSH : Its principal function is to monitor and regulate the activity of other glands.
GH : GH stimulate linear growth in children and helps to maintain bone and other tissues in adult.
2. Pineal gland :
Location : Deep in the brain
Hormone secreted : melatonin and serotonin
Hormone action : Melatonin hormones regulate night and day cycles or sleep-wake cycles.
Serotonin stabilizes our mood, feelings of well-being, and happiness.
3. Thyroid gland
Location: Base of the throat
Hormones secreted: Thyroxine
Hormone action : Thyroxine plays a crucial role in heart and digestive function, metabolism, brain development, bone health and muscle control.
4. Thymus gland
Location : Beneath the breastbone at the level of the heart
Hormone secreted : Thymosin hormone
Hormone action : Produce and process T lymphocytes.
5. Adrenal gland
Location: Near the kidneys
Hormones secreted: Adrenaline
Hormone action : Adrenaline is often known as the fight or flight hormone because it prepares the body to act, especially when the body encounters stress.
6. Pancreas
Location: Near the liver
Hormones secreted: insulin, glucagon
Hormone action : Insulin acts to lower blood sugar, and glucagon, which acts to raise blood sugar.
7. Testis: (In males: two in number)
Location: Male genital organs
Hormones secreted: Testosterone
Hormone action : Testosterone controls the development of secondary sexual characters in males such as facial hair, beard, moustaches etc. It stimulates spermatogenesis (formation of sperm).
8. Ovaries (in female; two in number)
Location : Pelvic region
Hormones secreted: Estrogen and progesterone
Hormone action : Estrogen stimulates the growth and development of female secondary sex organs and female secondary sexual characters (such as development of breasts). Progesterone play an important role in regulation of menstrual cycle and pregnancy.
______________ influence or control a wide range of physiological activities such as growth, development, puberty etc. | |||
| Right Option : B | |||
| View Explanation | |||
The exocrine gland secrete there secretion in to the ducts whereas endocrine glands secrete there secretions in to _________ | |||
| Right Option : C | |||
| View Explanation | |||
________ is responsible for lowering glucose level in blood. | |||
| Right Option : C | |||
| View Explanation | |||
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