The Crude Death Rate (CDR) is a key demographic indicator that measures the number of deaths per 1,000 people in a given year. It provides an insight into the mortality rate of a region and can reflect the general health conditions, availability of healthcare services, and overall living conditions. In the case of Haryana, the CDR is reported to be 6.3 deaths per 1,000 people, which is lower than the national average of 7 deaths per 1,000 people. This indicates that Haryana has a relatively better mortality rate compared to the national average, which can be attributed to improvements in healthcare infrastructure, sanitation, and other health-related factors in the state.

A lower CDR in Haryana suggests that the state may be experiencing better healthcare services and more effective public health programs compared to other regions. This could include access to modern medical facilities, effective disease prevention campaigns, better vaccination rates, and improvements in maternal and child health services. Additionally, the state may have seen success in tackling prevalent health challenges, such as communicable diseases, malnutrition, and maternal mortality, which often contribute to higher death rates in many regions.

On the other hand, while Haryana’s CDR is lower than the national average, it is still important to note that the health profile of a state is determined by many factors. Economic prosperity, availability of medical professionals, education levels, and awareness of healthcare practices also play a critical role in shaping mortality rates. Haryana’s health infrastructure, though strong in some areas, still faces challenges like shortages of specialists in rural areas, especially in Community Health Centres (CHCs), which may impact healthcare access and outcomes in some parts of the state. These disparities can sometimes lead to regional differences in mortality rates within the state itself.

Furthermore, the national average CDR of 7 reflects a broader, diverse picture of India's health situation, where some regions, particularly in rural and underserved areas, continue to struggle with higher mortality rates due to factors like poverty, inadequate healthcare facilities, and limited access to health education. Haryana’s slightly lower CDR suggests it may have been successful in addressing some of these issues more effectively than the national average. However, despite these positive signs, there are still areas in the state that require improvement in healthcare infrastructure, and the overall aim should be to continue reducing the death rate, with a focus on vulnerable populations and improving access to quality healthcare for all.

Hence Option B is Correct.

The crude birth rate (CBR) is an important demographic indicator that measures the number of live births per 1,000 people in a given population over a year. In Haryana, the crude birth rate is 21.3, slightly lower than the national average of 21.4 as per the Sample Registration System (SRS) 2013 data. While the difference may seem marginal, it signifies Haryana's gradual shift toward lower fertility levels, reflecting the state's progress in health awareness and family planning initiatives.

Haryana's lower crude birth rate compared to the national average suggests that efforts to promote smaller family sizes and educate citizens about reproductive health have been somewhat effective. The state government has implemented various programs focusing on maternal and child health, access to contraceptive methods, and awareness campaigns aimed at reducing high birth rates. These measures contribute to better demographic outcomes and align with India's overall goal of stabilizing population growth.

Despite the slight advantage over the national average, Haryana's crude birth rate still highlights areas for improvement. Rural regions in the state may still experience higher birth rates due to limited access to healthcare facilities, cultural preferences for larger families, and insufficient reach of family planning services. Addressing these disparities will require targeted interventions, such as improving healthcare infrastructure, enhancing the role of Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs), and expanding educational initiatives in remote areas.

In conclusion, Haryana's crude birth rate being lower than the national average is a positive sign of progress, but there is still work to be done to further reduce it. By continuing to focus on education, healthcare access, and culturally sensitive family planning programs, Haryana can aim to achieve even lower birth rates, which will contribute to sustainable development and improved quality of life for its residents.

Hence Option B is Correct.

Answer:

A) Infant Mortality Rate

Explanation:

• Crude Birth Rate (CBR): Haryana's CBR is 21.3, which is slightly lower than the national average of 21.4, indicating that it is better.
• Crude Death Rate (CDR): Haryana's CDR is 6.3, which is lower than the national average of 7, indicating it is better.
• Infant Mortality Rate (IMR): Haryana has an IMR of 41, which is slightly higher than the national average of 40, meaning it is worse.
• Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR): Haryana's MMR is 146, which is better than the national average of 178, so it is not worse.

Hence, the Infant Mortality Rate in Haryana is slightly worse than the national average.

Hence Option A is Correct.