Database And Its Type


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Database and Its Types

What is a Database?

A database is a systematic or organized collection of related information that is stored in such a way that it can be easily accessed, retrieved, managed, and updated. It is where all data is stored, very much like a library that houses a wide range of books from different genres. Think of data as books.

In a database, you can organize the data in rows and columns in the form of a table. Indexing the data makes it easy to find and retrieve it again as and when required. MySQL, SQL Server, MongoDB, Oracle Database, PostgreSQL, Informix, Sybase, etc. are all examples of different databases. These modern databases are managed by DBMS. Structured Query Language, or SQL as it is more widely known, is used to operate on the data in a database.

Types of Database:

There are various types of database structures:

  • Hierarchical database: Hierarchical database follows a ranking order or a parent-child relationship to structure data.

  • Network database: Network database is similar to the hierarchical database but with some changes. The network database allows the child record to connect with various parent records, therefore, allowing two-directional relationships.

  • Object-Oriented database: Here, the data is represented in the form of objects, as in object-oriented programming

  • Relational database:It is the most efficient way to access structured information. The data is organized into a set of tables that has columns and rows.
  • Non-relational or NoSQL database: A no- SQL database uses a variety of formats, such as documents, graphs, wide columns, etc, which offers great flexibility and scalability to a database design.
  • Application of Database:

    There are many applications where databases are used.

    1. Universities: Universities have so much data which can be stored in the database, such as student information, teacher information, non-teaching staff information, course information, section information, grade report information, and many more. University information is kept safe and secure in the database.

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    Sample Questions
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    Question : 1

    Which of the following statement(s) are correct?

    (i) A data dictionary contains metadata.

    (ii) Database is also used to organize the data in the form of a table, schema, views, and reports, etc.

    (iii) The purpose of database management system is to bridge the gap between information and data.

    Right Option : D
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    Explanation
    Question : 2

    SQL Stands for ____________________________

    Right Option : C
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    Explanation
    Question : 3

    Example of non-numeric data is __________________

    Right Option : A
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    Explanation
     
     
     


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