Strength of Acids and Bases
Strength of Acids and Bases
Strength of Acids
: As we know ,an acid is a substance which in aqueous solution dissociates to produce hydrogen ions .
The strength of an acid depends on the concentration of hydrogen ions which dissociates in water. Greater the number of hydrogen ions dissociates greater is the strength of an acid. On this basis acids can be classified as:
Strong Acids :
It is an acid that dissociates completely or almost completely in water.For eg:
Hydrochloric acid Hydrogen ion Chloride ion
Sulphuric acid Hydrogen ion Sulphate ion
Weak Acids:
It is an acid which dissociates negligibly or almost incompletely in water .For eg:
Formic acid Formate ion Hydrogen ion
Acetic acid Acetate ion Hydrogen ion
Strength of Bases:
We know that base is a substance which in aqueous solution dissociates to produce hydroxyl ion. Greater is the concentration of hydroxyl ion in the solution , greater will be the strength of a base.On this basis we can classify bases as:
Strong Bases :
A base that dissociates completely or almost completely in water called as strong base.For eg:
sodium hydroxide sodium ion hydroxide ion
potassium hydroxide potassium ion hydroxide ion
Weak Bases:
A base that dissociates in water only partially or negligibly are known as weak bases. For eg:
Ammonium hydroxide Ammonium ion Hydroxide ion
To measure strength of an acid or base we use a number scale called as pH scale.
pH Scale:
It is a scale used for measuring hydrogen ion concentration.. Here p stands for potenz which means power in German.It has value from 0(very acidic) to 14(very basic). Higher the hydronium ion ( or hydrogen ion concentration lower is its pH .
pH >7 , Indicates that the given solution is basic. For eg: NaoH have pH value of 14
pH<7 , Indicates that the solution is acidic.For eg: lemon juice have a pH value of 2.2
pH=7 , indicates that the solution is neutral.For eg: pure water or blood have pH about 7.4 , so neutral in nature.
A solution 'A' has pH value zero. The solution is ___________________ | |||
| Right Option : B | |||
| View Explanation | |||
Acidity of ammonium hydroxide is ______________________ | |||
| Right Option : A | |||
| View Explanation | |||
Which of the following are correct : (a) An acid is a substance which in aqueous solution dissociates to produce hydrogen ions . (b) Strong acid is an acid that dissociates completely or almost completely in water. (c) Weak acids is an acid which dissociates negligibly or almost incompletely in water . | |||
| Right Option : D | |||
| View Explanation | |||
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